Career Options
Cosmetologists, hair stylists and manicurists offer services to help clients look their best. Graduates may wish to pursue a career as a hairstylist, makeup artist, or manicurist. Some professionals own their own small businesses, whether by working out of their homes, operating their own salons or leasing space from salon owners.
Barbers, Hairdressers and Cosmetologists
Cosmetologists and hair stylists cut and trim hair, create hairstyles, color hair and recommend styling products. Cosmetologists also perform facial treatments, remove unwanted facial hair, apply makeup and advise clients about skin care treatments.The standard requirement for this profession is a high school diploma, along with completion of cosmetology school in a postsecondary or vocational setting. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), job growth for this field is expected to increase by 13% from 2012-2022. The median annual income for hairdressers, hairstylists and cosmetologists was $23,140 in 2013, according to the BLS (www.bls.gov). In that same year, barbers earned a median of $25,010.
Theatrical and Performance Makeup Artists
Cosmetology graduates may want to pursue a career as a theatrical and performance makeup artist, which allows them to apply makeup for performers to reflect the character that they portray before a play or similar presentation. Makeup artists require postsecondary education in cosmetology. The BLS reported in 2013 that the median annual income for theatrical and performance makeup artists was $47,210. According to the BLS, careers in this field are projected to increase by 3% from 2012-2022.
Manicurists and Pedicurists
Manicurists clean, shape and buff customers' nails, and they may also add nail extensions for clients. Some nail professionals focus on fingernails, while other workers, called pedicurists, specialize in toenails. These professionals massage hands and feet, remove dead skin cells and apply nail polish. The BLS reported that job growth for this field is anticipated to increase faster than average between 2012-2022, at a rate of 16%. The median annual income for manicurists and pedicurists was $19,340 in 2013, according to the BLS.
Degree Requirements
Aspiring hairstylists, cosmetologists and manicurists need to complete cosmetology programs before applying for licensure and entering the field. While specific degrees in hair styling and manicure aren't commonly available, cosmetology programs provide coursework and training in these areas. Students can find certificate and associate's degree programs in cosmetology.
In a cosmetology program, students generally learn about hair styling, hair straightening and skin care, as well as nail art, chemical methods, sanitation techniques and cosmetology regulations. A significant portion of the coursework is hands-on training, often using real customers and clients.
Certification
Hair stylists and cosmetologists need to be licensed or certified to work in all areas of the country, according to the BLS. Manicurists are also required to acquire a state license in all states except Connecticut. To earn a license or certification, aspiring professionals in this field must attend a cosmetology program approved by the state where they plan to work. After completing the program and acquiring the minimum number of hours of hands-on training required by the state, these beauty workers can take an exam and obtain a license or certification.
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